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Amid surging conflict, Brazil launches digital tool to monitor changes in land use

by Karla Mendes | @karlamendes | Thomson Reuters Foundation
Thursday, 21 December 2017 15:52 GMT

A member of indigenous Munduruku tribe is seen near a placard as they occupy the construction site of the hydropower plant of Sao Manoel, near the Teles Pires river, in the Alta Floresta city, in the north of the state of Mato Grosso in the Amazon, Brazil July 16, 2017. REUTERS /Lunae Parracho

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London-based campaign group Global Witness said in July that 49 of 200 land activists killed last year were from Brazil

By Karla Mendes

RIO DE JANEIRO, Dec 21 (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - Brazil - the world's fifth largest country - has launched a digital tool to monitor changes in land use, amid simmering violence over land ownership, corruption and evictions.

The government's Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) said the interactive platform is the first to map the entire country, not just special areas like the Amazon.

"The main purpose is to indicate where things are happening, at what speed and what is happening ... if there was deforestation or if pasture or agriculture has entered (an area)," said the IBGE's Maurício Zacarias Moreira.

"We can analyse the past, see the present and do (data) modelling for the future," the natural resource manager told the Thomson Reuters Foundation by phone.

Rising violence between indigenous people and other land users, combined with often hazy property ownership and what activists consider high levels of impunity, have made Brazil the world's deadliest country for land rights campaigners.

London-based campaign group Global Witness said in July that 49 of 200 land activists killed last year were from Brazil.

Farming plays a key role in Brazil's economy, pitting the government, which wants to boost foreign investment in agricultural land to rekindle growth amid biting recession, against opponents fearing deforestation and displacement.

The tool combines satellite and field data to visualise all 8.5 million square kilometres of Brazil, which occupies about half of South America.

Users can see vegetation cover, occupation and agricultural activities from the year 2000, and combine the information with other databases monitoring forests, indigenous lands and mines, Moreira said. It will be updated every two years, he said.

Clarissa Gandour, a senior analyst in Brazil with the Climate Policy Initiative, a U.S.-based think tank, said land use is a "first order" issue for the country.

The tool should help policymakers to plan future land use, she said. Given the delay in updating data, the science ministry's existing space-based assessments will remain more important for monitoring Amazonian deforestation, she said.

(Reporting by Karla Mendes, Editing by Katy Migiro. Please credit the Thomson Reuters Foundation, the charitable arm of Thomson Reuters, that covers humanitarian news, women's rights, trafficking, property rights, climate change and resilience. Visit http://news.trust.org)

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