By Hugo Greenhalgh
LONDON, March 10 (Openly) - A British court on Tuesday ruled out adding a third option on passports for people who define themselves as neither male nor female following a lengthy legal battle, saying the existing policy was lawful.
The Court of Appeal ruled in favour of the Home Office, or interior ministry, in a case brought by Christie Elan-Cane, who identifies as "non-gendered", and said current passport rules do not constitute a human rights breach.
Elan-Cane, who first started campaigning for genderless people in 1992 after shedding a female identity, argued that passports should have an "X" option for those who do not identify as either male or female.
The activist said Britain's current policy, to only offer male or female categories, represented a breach of European Convention of Human Rights articles governing respect for private life and discrimination on the basis of gender or sex.
"This decision is devastating to me," Elan-Cane said in a statement after the ruling.
"Legitimate identity is a fundamental human right ... it is unacceptable that someone who defines as neither male nor female is forced to declare an inappropriate gender in order to obtain a passport."
The court case has come as more people define themselves as non-gendered – or non-binary – including British singer Sam Smith, who asked in September last year to be referred to by the pronouns "they" and "them".
Globally more than 10 countries, including Bangladesh, Canada, Germany, India and Australia, currently offer gender marker options beyond male or female.
Backed by law firm Clifford Chance, which took on the case pro bono in 2013, Elan-Cane was challenging a 2018 High Court ruling dismissing a potential judicial review into the case.
Elan-Cane said the next step was to seek an appeal of the decision at Britain's highest court, the Supreme Court.
In its ruling, however, the Court of Appeal said it recognised that Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights - which covers the right to privacy - does include non-gendered identities.
"It means, in practical terms, that the government must take into account the rights of such individuals when taking policy decisions, marking a milestone in civil rights litigation on gender identity and LGBTI+ rights," said Anne Collins, an associate at Clifford Chance.
(Reporting by Hugo Greenhalgh @hugo_greenhalgh; Editing by Belinda Goldsmith Please credit the Thomson Reuters Foundation, the charitable arm of Thomson Reuters, that covers the lives of people around the world who struggle to live freely or fairly. Visit http://news.trust.org)
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