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FACTBOX-Fates of fallen strongmen

by Reuters
Tuesday, 29 May 2012 22:10 GMT

May 30 (Reuters) - Former Liberian President Charles Taylor is to be sentenced for war crimes on Wednesday and is the first head of state to be found guilty by an international tribunal since the Nazi trials at Nuremberg.

Below are some other fallen strongmen and their fates:

 

* WORLD WAR TWO - Twenty-two top Nazis went on trial at Nuremberg. They included Karl Doenitz, successor as head of state to Adolf Hitler, who had committed suicide at the end of the war in 1945. Twelve of the Nazis were sentenced to death. Doenitz was jailed for 10 years.

* AFGHANISTAN - Najibullah was installed as leader of Afghanistan by the Soviet Union in 1986 and was toppled in 1992. He was found by the Taliban in 1996 after they seized the capital. Najibullah was castrated and strung up.

* ARGENTINA - Junta leader Leopoldo Galtieri was tried for human rights crimes shortly after democracy was restored to Argentina in 1983. He was cleared, but jailed for his role in the Falklands conflict. Later pardoned, he died in January 2003.

* EAST GERMANY - Erich Honecker fled to Moscow to escape manslaughter charges after the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, but was extradited back to Germany. The trial collapsed in 1993 due to his terminal illness. He died in exile in Chile in 1994.

* EGYPT - The verdict in the trial of former Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak will be delivered on June 2. He was charged with ordering the killing of protesters in the uprising that swept him from power in February 2011.

* IRAQ - Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein was captured after U.S. and allied forces invaded Iraq in 2003. He was tried in public for crimes against humanity over killings in the 1980s and hanged in 2006.

* LIBERIA - Former President Samuel Doe took power in 1980 and was overthrown in a civil war started by Taylor. In 1990, Doe was killed. His ear was cut off in a videotaped execution as a warlord sat by drinking beer.

* LIBYA - Muammar Gaddafi, who took power in Libya in 1969, was killed in October 2011. He was caught hiding in a drain after trying to flee his hometown of Sirte following a seven-month war to oust him.

* PANAMA - Manuel Noriega was overthrown in a 1989 U.S. invasion. He spent 20 years behind bars after being convicted for drug trafficking and money laundering. Noriega was extradited back to Panama last December.

* ROMANIA - Nicolae Ceausescu, the Soviet-era dictator of Romania, was toppled, captured, given a summary trial in secret, then shot by firing squad along with his wife Elena in 1989.

* UGANDA - One of Africa's bloodiest despots, Idi Amin was accused of killing thousands of people during his rule from 1971 to 1979, when he was forced from power by Tanzanian-led forces. He died in exile in Saudi Arabia in 2003.

* FORMER YUGOSLAVIA - Slobodan Milosevic was on trial at the U.N. war crimes tribunal in The Hague at the time of his death in March 2006. He had been charged with masterminding ethnic cleansing in the former Yugoslavia.

* FORMER ZAIRE - Mobutu Sese Seko, Zaire's strongman for over three decades, fled in 1997 as rebels approached his capital. He died in exile that year in Morocco. By then, his country had been renamed the Democratic Republic of Congo. (Reporting by David Cutler, London Editorial Reference Unit, Editing by Matthew Tostevin)

Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.

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