Many of those crossing the border were born in Pakistan and were going to Afghanistan for the first time
LONDON, July 16 (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - The number of Afghan refugees who returned home from Pakistan surged in the first half of the year, exceeding the number who crossed the border in the whole of 2014, the U.N. refugee agency (UNHCR) said on Thursday.
More than 139,000 Afghans have returned from Pakistan since the start of the year, many saying they did so because of harassment after a deadly Pakistani Taliban attack on a school in Peshawar last December.
Pakistani authorities, long accused of not being tough enough on extremists, pointed the finger of blame at neighbouring Afghanistan, suggesting it was not doing enough to catch Pakistani Taliban commanders hiding on its territory.
Many of the Afghan refugees said they had to return to their homeland because the situation in Pakistan had become too difficult, though some were unable to reach their homes in areas affected by fighting.
There are 1.5 million Afghan refugees registered in Pakistan and a further 1.3 million are estimated to be living there undocumented.
"In today's situation where the fighting is spreading and increasing across the country, many returning refugees become displaced in Afghanistan," UNHCR spokesman Mans Nyberg told the Thomson Reuters Foundation by phone from Afghanistan.
"They may not be able to go back their home village so they choose to go to a secure place, which is usually a city or a larger town somewhere. That happens in many cases."
Nyberg said the number of returnees fell sharply during Ramadan, which began in Pakistan on June 17, but the UNHCR expected it to pick up after the Muslim fasting month ended.
Many of those crossing the border were born in Pakistan and were going to Afghanistan for the first time, he said.
"Many of them are the second or third generation who have never seen Afghanistan, they may never have come here for visits, so it's a completely new situation for the young returnees," Nyberg said.
"That's a cultural challenge. They have relatives and family here, but for many it's basically a foreign country."
Nyberg said the UNHCR was concerned that the plight of Afghan refugees had been overshadowed by other emergencies such as those in Iraq, Syria and South Sudan.
"Afghanistan is still the largest protracted refugee situation in the world," Nyberg said.
"It's a concern that the world is forgetting about Afghan refugees, and donors are turning their attention elsewhere."
The United Nations has received 44 percent of the $405 million it sought for the 2015 response plan for Afghanistan.
"We never have enough (money), but it's particularly dire right now because of the ongoing emergencies that are eating up money that is coming in," Nyberg said.
"It's a crisis."
(Reporting by Magdalena Mis, editing by Tim Pearce; Please credit Thomson Reuters Foundation, the charitable arm of Thomson Reuters, that covers humanitarian news, women's rights, corruption and climate change. Visit www.trust.org)
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