The Congo Basin plan, involving six African nations, aims to help ease poverty and combat climate change
* Congo basin is second largest forest after Amazon
* Norway to give up to $47 million a year
By Alister Doyle
OSLO, Sept 30 (Reuters) - Six African nations have agreed with donors on a plan to protect the tropical forests of the Congo basin, the second biggest in the world after the Amazon's, to help ease poverty and combat climate change.
Norway, the first donor to announce a pledge for the project, said it would give up to 400 million crowns ($47 million) annually from 2016-20, from funds it had previously earmarked for tropical forests.
"Addressing issues concerning unsustainable agriculture, wood energy use, forestry and infrastructure development will be the main challenges," the U.N. Development Programme said in a statement on Wednesday.
The project aims to slow illegal logging and burning of forests that are vital to millions of people and home to endangered animals such as gorillas and bonobos. It is part of preparations for a U.N. summit on climate change in Paris in December.
"We cannot succeed (in Paris) without large-scale action to protect forests in the world," French Development Minister Annick Girardin said. Trees soak up carbon dioxide from the air as they grow and release it when they rot or burn.
The plan, called the Central African Forest Initiative and agreed during U.N. talks in New York, covers Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Cameroon, Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon.
Donors are Germany, France, Britain, Norway and the European Union. Brazil, the main nation in the Amazon basin, is an advisor to the project, which also involves U.N. agencies and the World Bank. Until now, the Congo region has not attracted major funds to safeguard forests.
"DRC aims to generate two major impacts: emissions reductions and co-benefits in terms of sustainable development and poverty reduction," DRC Finance Minister Henri Yav Mulang said in a statement.
Forests in the region cover about 2.0 million sq km (0.8 million sq miles) - about the size of Mexico - but are shrinking by 5,600 sq km a year.
Conflicts have in recent years limited access to the forests. But with more stable conditions, there is a risk that forest clearance for farming could accelerate.
"The biggest potential threat to central African forests is palm oil," Per Pharo, head of Norway's International Climate and Forest Initiative, told Reuters. (Reporting by Alister Doyle; editing by Andrew Roche)
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